How do you manage constipation on GLP-1 medications?

Constipation is a common GLP-1 side effect because these medications slow how quickly the stomach empties. It usually improves with more water, fiber-rich foods, regular movement, and sometimes a physician-approved fiber supplement or gentle laxative. Contact your physician if it is severe, persistent, or accompanied by significant abdominal pain.

Why it happens

GLP-1 medications slow gastric emptying and digestion, which is part of how they reduce appetite — but this can also slow the bowel. Lower food and fluid intake while eating less can add to it.

Practical steps

Increase water throughout the day, prioritize fiber (vegetables, fruit, legumes, whole grains), stay active, and consider a physician-approved fiber supplement. If needed, your physician may suggest a gentle over-the-counter option.

Seek care promptly for severe pain, vomiting, or no bowel movement for an extended period.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Michael Mimlitz, MD (NPI 1508891870), Chief Physician of GOAL.MD. Physician-supervised telehealth. More at goal.md/answers.